Basic HTML Version
FireFlyz | 65
Causes
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease is caused
by a virus called enterovirus, the most
common being coxsackievirus A16, ac-
cording to the Mayo Clinic. Coxsackievi-
rus usually spreads through oral ingestion
(saliva, stool, fluid fromblisters, coughing
and sneezing) by coming into contact
with an infected person. A common
source of infection is in a childcare setting
as little children often put their hands
in their mouths. They may come into
contact with infected stool during diaper
changes or potty training and may touch
objects that other children may then
touch or put into their mouths.
An infected child is most contagious
in the first week of the illness. However,
he/she may still infect others for weeks
even when the symptoms have subsided.
Even adults may carry the virus without
showing any signs or symptoms.
Treatment
There isn’t any specific treatment for
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease. Signs
and symptoms usually subside in seven
to 10 days. Treatment is given according to
symptoms. In any case, it would be wise
to see a doctor. Fevers and pain can be
relieved with antipyretics and analgesics.
Topical anaesthetics can be applied orally
to relieve painful mouth sores, whichmay
make swallowing painful and difficult – a
problem that may lead to dehydration.
An infected child should be adequately
hydrated. Intravenous fluids may be
necessitated if a child suffers from severe
dehydration.
A rare form of the coxsackievirus
can involve the brain and cause other
complications. Viral meningitis and
encephalitis are very rare but are severe
and may be fatal if no medical attention
is sought.
Preventing transmission
Certain practices can reduce the risk
of infection. Wash hands thoroughly,
disinfect common areas and toys, refrain
from hugging or kissing an infected child,
keep an infected child away from public
areas and school or childcare centres and
don’t share eating utensils.